tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-76055369250156368202024-03-14T00:07:33.938-07:00GEOHISTORIA 1º ESOGEOHISTORIAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17251069667933779567noreply@blogger.comBlogger2125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7605536925015636820.post-69319265610511681502015-10-08T03:36:00.000-07:002015-10-08T03:36:15.992-07:00TEMA 1: LA PREHISTORIA<u><b><span style="color: red;"><u>TEMA 1: </u>LA PREHISTORIA</span></b></u><br />
<span style="color: red;"> <span style="color: black;">Aquí os dejo unos apuntes referidos a la Prehistoria.</span></span><br />
<br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.
¿Qué es la Historia?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">La
Historia es la disciplina que estudia la vida de la Humanidad desde el momento<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>en que se inventa la escritura. Por tanto,
conocemos los hechos del pasado por los testimonios escritos de personas que
vivieron esos momentos o que los recogieron por escrito.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.
¿En cuántas etapas se divide la Historia?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dividimos
la Historia en distintas etapas para poder estudiarla mejor. Son las siguientes:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Prehistoria: desde la aparición de los primeros seres humanos hasta la
invención de la escritura.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Edad Antigua (3000 a.C.-finales siglo V d.C.): desde la invención de la
escritura hasta la caída del Imperio Romano de Occidente. Abarca las antiguas civilizaciones
de Egipto, Mesopotamia, Grecia y Roma.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Edad Media (finales s.V-finales s.XV): desde la caída del Imperio Romano de Occidente
hasta el descubrimiento de América.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Edad Moderna (finales s.XV-finales s.XVIII): desde el descubrimiento de América
(1492) hasta la Revolución Francesa (1789).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Edad Contemporánea: desde la Revolución Francesa hasta nuestros días.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.
¿Qué es la Prehistoria?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">La
Prehistoria es la etapa de la Historia que estudia la vida de la Humanidad
desde la aparición de los primeros seres humanos hasta la invención de la
escritura. Es el periodo más antiguo de la Humanidad y, al no haber escritura,
lo conocemos por los restos arqueológicos (de construcciones, utensilios,
restos humanos y animales…).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4.
¿En cuántas etapas se divide la Prehistoria?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">La
Prehistoria se divide en las siguientes etapas:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Edad de la Piedra (los útiles se fabricaban fundamentalmente en piedra):</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: Courier; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Courier;">o </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Paleolítico</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: Courier; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Courier;">o </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Neolítico</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Edad de los Metales (comienzan a utilizar el metal para fabricar útiles y
armas).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">5.
¿De dónde proviene el ser humano?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Los
seres humanos pertenecen a un grupo de mamíferos llamados antropoides, del cual
surgieron dos ramas distintas:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Los grandes simios, como el chimpancé, el orangután y el gorila.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Los homínidos, que incluyen al ser humano actual y sus antepasados. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Antropoides
Grandes simios Homínidos</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(monos)
(humanos)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Por
tanto, el hombre no desciende del mono, pero sí es cierto que monos y seres humanos
tienen un antepasado común.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">7-1</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">6.
¿Quiénes eran los homínidos?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Los
homínidos son los antecedentes del ser humano actual y aparecieron hace unos cuatro
millones de años. Por orden de aparición son:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- El
Australopitecus, que apareció en África y andaba ya erguido sobre las dos piernas.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- El
homo habilis, que fabricaba sus propias herramientas.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- El
homo erectus, que ya conocía el fuego y usaba un lenguaje primitivo. Se desplazó
desde África hasta Asia y Europa.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- El
homo sapiens o de Neanderthal, apareció en Europa y ya enterraba a sus m ertos.
Esta especie terminó extinguiéndose.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- El
homo sapiens sapiens o de Cromagnon, de características similares al ser</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">humano
actual. Coexistió con los neandertales y fue el primero en tener manifestaciones
artísticas.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">7.
¿Cuáles son las características propias del ser humano y en qué consiste la</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">hominización?</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Las
características propias del ser humano son:</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- El
andar erguido sobre las dos piernas (locomoción bípeda).</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- El
lenguaje articulado.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- El
desarrollo del cerebro (inteligencia). - La capacidad de manipular objetos con
las manos con gran habilidad, gracias a</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">la
oponibilidad del pulgar.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Los
homínidos adquirieron estos rasgos en un largo proceso llamado hominización, probablemente
por un cambio climático que provocó el paso de un medio de bosque húmedo a otro
más seco de sabana, lo que obligaría a algunos primates herbívoros que hasta
entonces vivían en los árboles a bajar al suelo a buscar nuevos alimentos.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">8.
¿Qué es el Paleolítico?</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">El
Paleolítico es la etapa más antigua de la Prehistoria, durante la cual apareció
el ser humano.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Su
modo de vida se basaba en la caza, pesca y recolección de frutos, hierbas y raíces.
Era un modo de vida depredador, pues no reponía lo que tomaba de la naturaleza.
Para cazar y pescar, los hombres usaban herramientas hechas con palos, huesos
de animales y, principalmente, con piedras que tallaban golpeando unas contra
otras para fabricar hachas o bifaces, puntas de flecha, etc. También conocían
el fuego. Cuando la comida se acababa, tenían que trasladarse a vivir a otro
lugar, por eso eran nómadas. Para resguardarse de las inclemencias del tiempo y
de los animales se refugiaban en cuevas.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">El
hombre paleolítico pintaba animales sobre las paredes y techos de las cuevas
(arte</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">rupestre)
y creía en la vida de ultratumba, por eso enterraba a sus muertos.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">9.
¿Qué es el arte rupestre?</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">El
arte rupestre es el conjunto de pinturas que el hombre del Paleolítico plasmaba
en los techos y paredes de las cuevas. Eran pinturas monócromas (de un solo
color) o polícromas (de varios colores, obtenidos de pigmentos naturales como
sangre, óxido, ceniza…). Se representaban principalmente animales y escenas de
caza.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
GEOHISTORIAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17251069667933779567noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7605536925015636820.post-12331119253031210692015-09-11T02:47:00.000-07:002015-09-11T02:47:24.779-07:00<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><u><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: large;">COMENZAMOS EL CURSO 2015-2016</span></span></u></b></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">Estimados
alumnos comenzamos un nuevo curso y un proyecto nuevo, con un blog
dedicado a 1º E.S.O, en la materia de Ciencias Sociales.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">Aquí pondremos algunas indicaciones que os servirán a lo largo del curso y todo aquello que nos vaya surgiendo en el mismo.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">Un saludo los profesores de Sociales de 1º E.S.O</span></span></span></span>GEOHISTORIAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17251069667933779567noreply@blogger.com0